This unpleasant and even dangerous disease is considered to be the most popular pathology of the gastrointestinal tract among modern people. Often this is due to violations of the diet, but the wrong products themselves can cause its development. A diet for gastritis of the stomach is as important as drug treatment, and sometimes it is almost the only way to normalize the work of the gastrointestinal tract and prevent the disease from developing into a more dangerous and / or painful form.
What is gastritis
Gastritis is an inflammatory process that develops on the gastric mucosa. Due to its improper functioning, the digestion process is disrupted, various negative effects develop, and the mucosa itself gradually becomes thinner.
The cause of the disease can be many different factors that are not alien to a modern, constantly busy person. Haste during meals, grabbing and bad chewing of hot or cold foods, consumption of low-quality or harmful foods, fast food, fatty, salty and smoked in unlimited quantities, systematic eating disorders - all this can cause gastritis. In addition, insufficient amounts of protein and vitamins in food, long-term use of certain medications, constant stress, smoking and thoughtless excessive alcohol consumption also become risk factors.
Nutrition rules for gastritis
Properly organized nutrition plays a huge role in the treatment of this disease. It is very important to know the rules and follow all the subtleties of the diet for gastritis with high or low acidity, compiled by a doctor. There are a few simple and clear rules that you will have to follow:
- All food must be thoroughly chewed, you can not swallow foods in pieces.
- It is advisable to organize your daily routine and eat by the hour. Ideally, meals should be fractional, and portions should be small. It is better to eat 5-6 times, in portions of 200-250 grams, than three times 500-600.
- Between meals should be left 2. 5-3 hours and it is better to make the intervals the same, if possible.
- Food should always be warm, not hot or cold. The wrong temperature irritates the walls of the stomach, causing more inflammation.
- You should stop eating raw foods. It is better when they have been heat-treated, even when it comes to vegetables and fruits.
In addition, it is very important that the products are always fresh; cooking for future use with gastritis is undesirable and even dangerous.
What can you eat with gastritis
- Stale bread, baked goods and pastries in general.
- Boiled, steamed, boiled or baked (without crust) vegetables.
- Porridges from crushed cereals in milk or water (rice, oatmeal, semolina, buckwheat).
- Low-fat varieties of fish.
- Non-roasted lean meats and poultry (chicken, turkey, rabbit, veal).
- Non-acid fruits, dishes from them (apples, bananas, pears).
- Low-fat milk and dairy products (up to 1. 5%).
- Vegetable and butter (no more than 20-30 grams per day).
- Pastila, marshmallow.
- Natural honey (40-50 grams).
- Steamed eggs, as part of dishes or boiled (2 pieces per day).
It is very important for gastritis to observe the correct drinking regimen. It is necessary to consume 1. 5-2 liters of liquid per day, including juices, compotes and even soup. It is permissible to drink mineral water of a suitable composition recommended by a doctor.
What not to eat with gastritis
- Smoked meats and sausage.
- Sausages and sausages.
- Roast.
- Fatty meat and fish.
- Sour fruits and berries.
- beans.
- Fresh vegetables that have not undergone heat treatment.
- Preservation and pickles.
- Fatty and sour dairy products.
- Barley, millet, unground cereals.
- Macaroni, pasta and vermicelli made from whole wheat flour.
- Fresh pastries and bread.
- Mushrooms.
- Nuts and seeds.
- Vinegar.
- Hot spices and sauces.
- Strong coffee, tea, carbonated drinks.
- Alcohol.
* The list of prohibited and permitted products may vary slightly, depending on the type of gastritis, therefore, to clarify the details, it is better to contact your doctor.
Diet number 1 for gastritis: principles and sample menu
Such a nutrition system is recommended for people suffering from acute gastritis. A similar sparing regimen is also prescribed for those who have a stomach or duodenal ulcer. The principles and rules are the same as above. In addition, doctors advise cutting back on salt intake, because it not only retains fluid in the body, but also irritates the mucous membranes. The standard calorie content in this mode should not exceed 2800-3000 calories per day. Let's look at a sample menu for the day, for a deeper understanding of the issue:
- Breakfast: rice porridge with milk, soft-boiled egg, weak tea with milk.
- Snack: baked sweet apples with honey or sugar.
- Lunch: vegetable cream soup, steamed turkey meatballs or meatballs, mashed potatoes with milk, non-acidic fruit mousse.
- Snack: croutons, rosehip broth.
- Dinner: stew of allowed vegetables, fish from allowed, baked with milk, weak tea with milk.
- Snack before bed: banana, milk.
Diet for chronic gastritis
When the disease develops into a chronic form, dietary restrictions become vital for the patient. By following a diet, you can prevent acute attacks of the disease, significantly improving the quality of life. For different degrees of acidity, the menu may be slightly different, so it's worth talking about each case separately.
Nutrition for chronic gastritis with low acidity
The stomach begins to produce an insufficient amount of hydrochloric acid, food is digested much worse. The body cannot extract from it all the nutrients and trace elements it needs. Not only the mucous membrane of the organ itself, but also all systems of our body can suffer from this.
Diet principles
- It is preferable to consume pureed, liquid and pureed dishes.
- Acceptable consumption of acidic foods.
- During the period of remission, you can eat foods fried in a small amount of oil.
- The temperature of food can vary between + 15-60 ° C.
- The total calorie content of the diet per day should fit into 2500-3000 calories.
Allowed and prohibited products
With gastritis with low acidity, it is not difficult to make a menu, because it includes a wide variety of products. The consumption of meat, sausages, sausages and sausages, pastries and bread, fish, vegetables and fruits, various cereals is allowed. It will be possible to include juices, compotes, kissels, broths, tea and coffee, milk and lactic acid products in the menu.
However, there are also limitations, for example, you will have to give up too fatty foods. It is undesirable to consume goose meat, pork, salmon, fried donuts, sweets with cream and sweets. Fermentation and flatulence should not be activated from the vegetables eaten, therefore it is better not to eat cabbage, beans, grapes, onions, garlic. In its pure form, milk is also not recommended, but as part of dishes or as an additive to tea or coffee, it will fit perfectly.
Nutrition for chronic gastritis with high acidity
With this type of disease, the stomach begins to produce an excessive amount of acid, which, as it were, "digests" the surrounding tissues, damaging the mucous membranes more and more. Therefore, the menu should be much more sparing than in the previous case.
Diet principles
- No spicy food. Everything that can irritate the mucous membranes is immediately swept aside.
- Products must be exclusively low-fat.
- Fried foods are completely excluded, all foods should be boiled, steamed or baked.
- It is better to puree products, wipe before use.
- Meals should be made frequent and fractional, and portions should be small.
- The daily salt intake can be increased to 8 grams.
- Calorie content per day should be in the range of 2200-2500 calories.
Allowed and prohibited products
The goal of the diet for such a disease is to make the menu as sparing as possible, but at the same time varied and nutritious. As in diet number 1, you will have to eat only boiled, steamed and baked vegetables, and choose only non-acidic fruits. They also need to be boiled, and ideally mashed. The consumption of lean meat and fish is allowed, it is also desirable to grind them carefully.
Sour milk with increased acidity is prohibited, but dairy products must be present in the diet. Porridges are cooked lightly, wiped if necessary, only weak meat broths are used for soups. It is better to refuse pickles, borscht, cabbage soup, okroshka and other sour dishes.
Diet for acute gastritis
Acute inflammation of the gastric mucosa can often be accompanied by severe pain and nausea. This phase requires an immediate medical examination, lifestyle changes, and dietary changes. On the first day, it is better to completely abandon solid food, even mashed food, limiting yourself to drinking warm water or light tea.
By the second day, you can slowly consume foods from the list of diet number 1. Then you can already prepare liquid, pasty or creamy soups, mash low-fat fish or meat, boiled soft-boiled eggs. Fresh vegetables and fruits should not be consumed, as well as other products from the prohibited list.
Diet for erosive gastritis
This type of gastritis is dangerous precisely because of the formation of ulcers on the mucosa, which can soon turn into full-fledged ulcers. To stop the symptoms and minimize the negative consequences, you will have to strictly follow the rules of nutrition:
- No fried, salted or smoked food, all dishes are only boiled, steamed or baked without a crust.
- Fractional meals in small portions 5-6 times a day. The maximum weight of one meal is 170-180 grams.
- It is customary to drink a glass of warm water before meals.
- Sauces, hot spices, mayonnaise, dishes with flavor enhancers are completely excluded.
- Eat slowly, chewing each bite thoroughly.
- All food should be warm, not cold or hot.
The last meal should be set so that 2 hours remain before bedtime.
Diet for atrophic gastritis
The diet for atrophic gastritis is the most important factor in the treatment process. Food is best taken at the same time regularly. Otherwise, you will have to follow the same recommendations that have already been voiced for the power supply system table No. 1. You can consume all products from the list of allowed and refuse prohibited ones.
Food is eaten warm, pureed, steamed, boiled or baked. Fried and fatty, as well as sour, spicy and salty, remain prohibited. Tobacco and alcoholic beverages are considered the main enemies for all types of gastritis, so it is best to abandon them forever so as not to provoke an acute condition.